While the importance of social and Political participation of women in the third World countries is increasing continuously, both for development of these societies and for self-realization of women themselves, it is becoming an essential issue for study. In this paper, we focus on the impact of women's Political culture on their Political participation.Referring Inglehart's theory and other theories related to the impact of Political culture on Political participation, we advanced our hypotheses.Through a survey, our data were collected and analyzed. The population of the research was women aged 20 and more from the Iranian city of Yazd, from which a random sample of 385 people were selected.The findings indicate that the women's Political culture effects on their Political participation. Moreover, all of the dimensions of Political culture, including the women's attitudes towards the Political system and the ruling elite, their Political knowledge, attitudes towards their own Political capacity, and normatively taking women's Political participation, had meaningful positive correlation with their Political participation.

This research aimed at analyzing research on "social media and Political participation" in two levels of external and internal research, first of all, to examine the strengths and weaknesses of these studies and then compare them. In this meta-analysis, 17 research (9 external and 8 internal) were studied in three theoretical sections (4 criteria), a method (10 criteria) and a cognitive (2) criterion. The meta-analysis shows that the most important strengths of research, the diversity of theoretical approaches, the use of the integrated theoretical framework, the diversity of the statistical society, the variety of sample selection methods, the use of various statistical tests, and, at the same time, with high statistical power, attention The level of micro analysis, diversity in the social media, and attention to the various impacts in the results section And the weaknesses of the researches, the use of some unrelated theoretical approaches and approaches in theoretical foundations, the weak use of the theoretical frameworks defined in the analysis of the findings, the inability to explain the dimensions of Political participation in the theoretical discussions, the overcoming of the proof paradigm And the method of scrolling, the inability to use qualitative and combination methods, the lack of consideration of tool validity, the lack of use of statistical tests to determine the normality of the sample size for measuring parametric tests, the disability in indexing From Political participation in the questionnaire and achieving contradictory results in the discussion of the type of effect.

Political participation among women is a significant and dynamic concept. It fosters feelings of satisfaction, trust, and self-confidence among women in any society. This study aims to understand and analyze the barriers and opportunities for women&rsquo, s Political participation in Khorramabad city. The research employed a qualitative, grounded theory approach. To this end, in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 women from Khorramabad and university professors, selected through purposive sampling combined with snowball and maximum variation strategies. Data analysis yielded 95 initial codes, eight core categories, and one central category extracted through a systematic coding process: causal conditions (patriarchal atmosphere and male exclusivity, economic challenges: lack of economic empowerment, Political apathy: perceiving politics as insignificant), contextual conditions (strengthening social capital: solidarity and Political development, self-confidence: personal development and social status), intervening conditions (self-deprecation and personal weakness, lack of willpower, low self-esteem, challenges related to morale and determination), strategies (positive and negative, creating gender-equal opportunities for Political participation, financial and social support, fostering a vibrant Political atmosphere), attitudinal dimensions (ranging from willingness to participate and satisfaction to isolation and Political apathy), and consequences (enhancing solidarity, social and Political cohesion, strengthening social capital, promoting socio-Political vibrancy, active public Political participation, building trust and self-confidence in women, maximizing the use of skilled human resources, socio-Political development, increasing socio-cultural security, and boosting social trust). Additionally, "women&rsquo, s Political participation: opportunities and challenges" emerged as the central category, and a paradigmatic model was developed from the data. The findings indicate that women&rsquo, s Political participation or lack thereof varies depending on diverse social, structural, and individual conditions.

The foundation of Political participation is everybody's participation in Political decision making which is under review in the ways of spontaneous and motivated Political participation (mobilized). Spontaneous Political participation is the outcome of a high literacy and a strong rooted Political culture and awareness which can materialize by economic, social, ideological factors and or historical, structural, cultural and Political factors. Political culture is the most important factor determining the structure of power and also the amount of interest or indifference towards Political participation whose scope of studies is focused on the study of the cultural-Political system and sociallyacceptable derivation and the attraction of Political values and it includes varieties of simplifying Political-social acceptance such as family, education, mass media and (Political) parties and the compromise of Political culture with current values and traditions in the nation.

The main purpose of the present paper is to identify the effects of Political participation and its effective factors among women in Iran. Secondary analysis of a survey project named "The causes of increase in the number of girls who pass the entrance examination of the universities and its Political, social and economic consequences in 2005" was performed. Results indicate that the average Political participation in both groups, women with college education and employed and women without college education and non-employed are very low. Good fitting theoretical model, especially among working women and college groups suggests that Political awareness and their attitudes to politics can influence on this group of women's Political participation. Policy attitudes as an intermediate variable relates to Political awareness, sense of gender inequality in the field of politics, trust in government institutions and authorities of the country and finally social capital especially community activities. Social empowerment and obstruction should be decreased which combines three elements of awareness, Political decisions making ability and organizing. Women’s Political participation requires increase in Political awareness, Political decisions making and Political organization of women. Accordingly, education, employment and communal relationships increase can effect on women's Political participation enhancement.

Institutionalized participation, on the one hand, leads to the development of democracy and legitimation of the states, on the other hand increases the level of nation security. Moreover people’s confidence in the state increases it’s stability, and enhances development and national security. From the Islamic point of view, the role of people is not limited only to legitimizing the sate, but they have a basic role in raising their efficiency. The present research was conducted to achive the following objectives: 1) Measuring the level of Political, social alienation and Political, social participation.2) Finding correlations among the variables of Political, social alienation and participation.3) Studying the relationship of variables such as age, gender, religion, race, marriage, education and income with the level of Political, social participation and alienation.The result of the research shows that socio, Political participation is highly effective in increasing or decreasing national security coefficiency; and in the case of nonparticipation, Political and social alienation seriously threatens national security.